List of Herbalists Spain

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Herbal listing of Spain. 2200 herbalists. 2100 phones. 450 emails

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Those plants that can be used whole or in specific parts (leaves, flowers, fruits, bark, stems or roots) are called medicinal plants to treat diseases of people or animals. The therapeutic action (relief or improvement), is due to chemical substances called active ingredients1 that are considered substances that exert on the living organism, a pharmacological, beneficial or harmful action. The use of plants in traditional medicine dates back to prehistoric times, but current science has allowed identifying, isolating and producing hundreds of active ingredients for the elaboration of drugs used in the treatment of various diseases. However, the traditional use of medicinal plants still persists, especially in societies little industrialized with difficulties of access to medicines. Thus, the World Health Organization (WHO) coordinates a network to encourage the safe and rational use of traditional medicine, because, for the most part, not the entire medicinal plant is usually beneficial to the organism, or simply the active substance must be carefully dosed.2 The medicinal plant usually prepares in different ways, in traditional medicine they are used in infusions, cooked, in poultice or in salads for direct consumption. Pharmaceutical technology allows the application of certain extracts of medicinal plants in capsules, tablets, creams and syrups.

Manuscript of the medical matter of Dioscorides, showing the supposed medicinal properties of the mandragora.
The use of remedies of plant origin dates back to prehistory, and was one of the most widespread forms of medicine, in which virtually all known cultures have evidence of the medicinal use of some plants. Although, the use of plant species for therapeutic purposes is very old, at first it was linked to magic, each population built their beliefs in an attempt to understand its immediate environment, some cultures until today retain these beliefs and science has come to critically explain each plant each extract, each formula, finding precisely the active principles responsible for biological activity. The current pharmaceutical industry has been based on modern scientific knowledge for the synthesis and elaboration of some pharmacological molecules analogous to those present in certain plant species, and that many derived substances are part of the active ingredients of modern medications, such as the famous aspirin3 (product of the cortex of the sanuce) or the penicillin, which is also a vegetable product.

In addition, the scientific verification process has helped find this type of molecules in several plant species traditionally used as medicinal plants, explaining certain therapeutic properties of these, along with discovering compounds that can serve as the basis for the development of new medications for different applications. Many of the drugs used today - such as opium, quinine, aspirin or digital - replicate synthetically or isolate the active ingredients of equal molecules present in traditional plant remedies used even in prehistoric times, even without knowledge of their active principles. Its origin persists in etymologies - as salicylic acid, so called to extract from the sauce bark (Salix spp.) Or the digital, of the plant of the same name.

Traditional Kallawayas doctors from Khanlaya (Bolivia), came to treat the malaria epidemic triggered during the construction of the Panama Canal, near the year1888. They used quina cortex preparations (Cinchona Calisaya) to treat the disease.
The consumption of medicinal plants has been increasing in recent years worldwide and its use is frequent in combination with medications prescribed by doctors. The false belief is extended that the products made based on plants are harmless and even advantageous due to their supposed "natural" character, a reasoning that is not very compatible with the fact that its therapeutic effect is aimed at their content in active ingredients with pharmacological activity. This false perception is based on the tradition of its use instead of systematic studies that evaluate their safety, which usually do not exist. Without these studies, only those obvious, very frequent and immediate occurrence can be detected.

Like any medication, plants can cause adverse reactions, overdose poisoning or pernicious interactions with other substances. Interactions of clinical relevance between plants and medications have been described, so it is essential to communicate to the doctor the consumption of natural preparations. The same strict medical control is necessary with medicinal plants as with synthesis medications.

Likewise, they have been notified in the products made based on medicinal plants confusion problems between one plants and others, in addition to pollution with pesticides, heavy metals and medications.

The quina tree cortex (cinchona officinalis) contains the quinine alkaloid. Traditionally used to treat malaria.
In 2004, the Ministry of Health and Consumption of Spain, through the SCO/190/2004 order, of January 28, which established the list of plants whose sale to the public was prohibited or restricted by reason of its toxicity, sought to make a transposition of the list of plants published by the European Community on October 26, 1992, in which it also added 50 plants (from 147 to 197). After administrative contentious appeal filed by the Spanish Association of Manufacturers of Preparations, Special Foods, Dietics and Medicinal Plants (AFEPADI), 10 said order was annulled in June 2005.11 due to a substantial procedural vice, for having omitted in its elaboration the mandatory process of communication to the European Commission.10 Law 29/2006, of July 26, of guarantees and rational use of medicines and products Health, attributes competence to the Ministry of Health, Social Policy and Equality to elaborate a list of plants whose free sale to the public will be restricted or prohibited due to its toxicity, although at the moment it has not been possible to develop this point.

In 2012, the European Food Security Authority (EFSA) published a compendium of plant species that contain substances of possible risk or concern for human health when used in food or food supplements, which updates a previous list of April 2009